Uma Maheswaran - திருத்த வரலாறு

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	'''Kadirgamapillai (Kathirkamar) Nallainathan''' (~~{{lang-ta\|~~க. உமாமகேசுவரன்}}; 18 February 1945 – 16 July 1989; commonly known by the [[nom de guerre]] '''Uma Maheswaran''') was a [[Sri Lankan Tamil]] rebel and the founder and leader of the [[People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam]] (PLOTE), a [[Sri Lankan Tamil militant groups\|separatist Tamil militant organisation]] in [[Sri Lanka]].		'''Kadirgamapillai (Kathirkamar) Nallainathan''' (க. உமாமகேசுவரன்); 18 February 1945 – 16 July 1989; commonly known by the [[nom de guerre]] '''Uma Maheswaran''') was a [[Sri Lankan Tamil]] rebel and the founder and leader of the [[People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam]] (PLOTE), a [[Sri Lankan Tamil militant groups\|separatist Tamil militant organisation]] in [[Sri Lanka]].

	==Early life==		==Early life==

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	!colspan="2" \| Uma Maheswaran <br>உமாமகேசுவரன்		!colspan="2" \| Uma Maheswaran <br>உமாமகேசுவரன்
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			{\| style="float:right;border:1px solid black"
		⚫	!colspan="2" \| Uma Maheswaran <br>உமாமகேசுவரன்
			\|-
			!colspan="2" \| [[File:x.jpg \|260px]]
			\|-
			!colspan="2" \|
			\|-
			!colspan="2" \|
			\|-
			! Full Name
			\| Kadirgamapillai Nallainathan
			\|-
			!
			\|
			\|-
			! Born
		⚫	\|K. Nallainathan <br>18-02-1945
			\|-
			!Died
			\|16 July 1989<br> (aged 44) <br>Colombo,<br> Sri Lanka
			\|-
			!Nationality
			\| Sri Lankan
			\|-
			! Other names
			\| Mukundan
			\|-
			!Occupation Surveyor
			\|Surveyor
			\|-

			! Years active
			\| 1977–1989
			\|-
			! Organization(s)
		⚫	\|<small> Liberation Tigers<br> of Tamil Eelam<br> (1977–1980) <br>People's Liberation<br> Organisation of <br>Tamil Eelam<br> (1980–1989)
			\|-


		⚫	\|}

	{{Infobox person
⚫	\| ~~honorific_prefix~~ = உமாமகேசுவரன்
	\| name = Uma Maheswaran
	\| honorific_suffix =
	\| native_name = உமாமகேசுவரன்
	\| native_name_lang = ta
	\| image = Uma Maheswaran.jpg
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⚫	\| ~~birth_name =~~ K. Nallainathan,<br> 18-02-1945
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	\| death_date = {{Death date and age\|1989\|07\|16\|1945\|02\|18\|df=yes}}
	\| death_place = [[Colombo]], [[Sri Lanka]]
	\| nationality = [[Sri Lanka]]n
	\| other_names = Mukundan
	\| citizenship =
	\| education =
	\| alma_mater =
	\| occupation = Surveyor
	\| years_active = 1977–1989
⚫	\| ~~organization = [[~~Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam]] ~~{{small\|~~(1977–1980)}}<br>[[People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam]] ~~{{small\|~~(1980–1989)}}
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	'''Kadirgamapillai (Kathirkamar) Nallainathan''' ({{lang-ta\|க. உமாமகேசுவரன்}}; 18 February 1945 – 16 July 1989; commonly known by the [[nom de guerre]] '''Uma Maheswaran''') was a [[Sri Lankan Tamil]] rebel and the founder and leader of the [[People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam]] (PLOTE), a [[Sri Lankan Tamil militant groups\|separatist Tamil militant organisation]] in [[Sri Lanka]].		'''Kadirgamapillai (Kathirkamar) Nallainathan''' ({{lang-ta\|க. உமாமகேசுவரன்}}; 18 February 1945 – 16 July 1989; commonly known by the [[nom de guerre]] '''Uma Maheswaran''') was a [[Sri Lankan Tamil]] rebel and the founder and leader of the [[People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam]] (PLOTE), a [[Sri Lankan Tamil militant groups\|separatist Tamil militant organisation]] in [[Sri Lanka]].

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	{{Infobox person		{{Infobox person
	\| honorific_prefix =		\| honorific_prefix = உமாமகேசுவரன்
	\| name = Uma Maheswaran		\| name = Uma Maheswaran
	\| honorific_suffix =		\| honorific_suffix =
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	\| alt =		\| alt =
	\| caption =		\| caption =
	\| birth_name = K. Nallainathan		\| birth_name = K. Nallainathan,<br> 18-02-1945
	\| birth_date = ~~{{Birth date\|1945\|02\|18\|df=yes}}~~		\| birth_date =
	\| birth_place =		\| birth_place =
	\| death_date = {{Death date and age\|1989\|07\|16\|1945\|02\|18\|df=yes}}		\| death_date = {{Death date and age\|1989\|07\|16\|1945\|02\|18\|df=yes}}

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	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}

	{{Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam}}
	{{Sri Lankan Civil War}}

	{{authority control}}

	{{DEFAULTSORT:Uma Maheswaran}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Uma Maheswaran}}

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	After leaving the LTTE, Maheswaran founded his own militant group, the [[People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam]] (PLOTE)		After leaving the LTTE, Maheswaran founded his own militant group, the [[People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam]] (PLOTE)

	On the night of 19 May 1982, Maheswaran and fellow PLOTE members Jotheeswaran and Sivaneswaran (Nirnajan) were involved in a [[shootout]] with Prabhakaran and Raghavan (Sivakumar) of the LTTE at the Pondy bazaar in Thiyagarayanagar, [[Madras]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite journal\|title="Tigers" Shoot It Out in Streets of S. India\|journal=[[Tamil Times]]\|date=May 1982\|volume=I\|issue=8\|page=1\|url=http://noolaham.net/project/32/3105/3105.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|last1=Senadhira\|first1=Sugeeswara\|title=Nine lives of Tiger Supremo\|url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/100516/Plus/plus_23.html\|work=[[The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka)\|The Sunday Times]]\|date=16 May 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|last1=Rajasingham\|first1=K. T.\|title=LTTE use of donor funds for arms will not be tolerated — Chandrahasan\|url=http://origin.island.lk/2002/12/24/news01.html\|work=[[The Island (Sri Lanka)\|The Island]]\|date=24 December 2002}}</ref> Jotheeswaran was injured and hospitalised but Maheswaran and Sivaneswaran escaped.<ref>{{cite news\|last1=Subramani\|first1=A.\|title=Case against Prabhakaran closed 3 years after his death\|url=http://www.ceylontoday.lk/51-17873-news-detail-case-against-prabhakaran-closed-3-years-after-his-death.html\|work=[[Ceylon Today]]\|date=25 November 2012}}</ref> Maheswaran was arrested near [[Gummidipoondi]] railway station on 25 May 1982 after a shoot out with the police but was later released on [[bail]].<ref>{{cite news\|title=1982 shooting: case against LTTE leader Prabhakaran dropped\|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/1982-shooting-case-against-ltte-leader-prabhakaran-dropped/article4127582.ece\|work=[[The Hindu]]\|date=24 November 2012}}</ref> Maheswaran and the PLOTE would continue to carry out bank robberies and kidnappings to finance their activities.~~<ref name=Wilson/>~~		On the night of 19 May 1982, Maheswaran and fellow PLOTE members Jotheeswaran and Sivaneswaran (Nirnajan) were involved in a [[shootout]] with Prabhakaran and Raghavan (Sivakumar) of the LTTE at the Pondy bazaar in Thiyagarayanagar, [[Madras]], [[India]]. Jotheeswaran was injured and hospitalised but Maheswaran and Sivaneswaran escaped. Maheswaran was arrested near [[Gummidipoondi]] railway station on 25 May 1982 after a shoot out with the police but was later released on [[bail]]. Maheswaran and the PLOTE would continue to carry out bank robberies and kidnappings to finance their activities.

	Maheswaran's actions eventually led to divisions within the PLOTE, resulting in a number of defections and splinter groups to be formed, including the [[Eelam National Democratic Liberation Front]] (ENDLF). Maheswaran was known to deal with [[dissent]] very harshly, and is alleged to have carried out 38 murders.~~<ref name=Wilson/>~~		Maheswaran's actions eventually led to divisions within the PLOTE, resulting in a number of defections and splinter groups to be formed, including the [[Eelam National Democratic Liberation Front]] (ENDLF). Maheswaran was known to deal with [[dissent]] very harshly, and is alleged to have carried out 38 murders.

	Maheswaran was involved in the failed [[1988 Maldives Coup]].~~<ref name=TSI260212/>~~ On 16 July 1989, Maheswaran was abducted by six men in [[Colombo]]. His bullet ridden body was later found at Frankfurt Place, [[Bambalapitiya]], near the Maldivian High Commission. The ENDLF, an Indian-backed offshoot of PLOTE, claimed responsibility for the [[List of assassinations of the Sri Lankan Civil War\|assassination]], however some sources blamed the assassination on dissenting members of the PLOTE itself.		Maheswaran was involved in the failed [[1988 Maldives Coup]]. On 16 July 1989, Maheswaran was abducted by six men in [[Colombo]]. His bullet ridden body was later found at Frankfurt Place, [[Bambalapitiya]], near the Maldivian High Commission. The ENDLF, an Indian-backed offshoot of PLOTE, claimed responsibility for the [[List of assassinations of the Sri Lankan Civil War\|assassination]], however some sources blamed the assassination on dissenting members of the PLOTE itself.

	==References==		==References==

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	==Early life==		==Early life==
			Maheswaran was born on 18 February 1945 and was from [[Varuthalaivilan]] near [[Tellippalai]] in northern [[Sri Lanka]]. He worked for the government as a surveyor.
	Maheswaran was born on 18 February 1945 and was from [[Varuthalaivilan]] near [[Tellippalai]] in northern [[Sri Lanka]].<ref>{{cite web\|last=Schalk\|first=Peter\|title=The Revival of Martyr Cults among Ilavar\|url=http://tamilnation.co/ideology/schalk03.htm\|publisher=Tamil Nation}}</ref><ref name=Rajasingham>{{cite book\|last=Rajasingham\|first=K. T.\|title=Sri Lanka: The Untold Story\|url=http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DB02Df03.html\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020416074026/http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DB02Df03.html\|url-status=unfit\|archive-date=2002-04-16\|chapter=Chapter 25: War or peace?}}</ref> He worked for the government as a surveyor.<ref name=Rajasingham/><ref name=Wilson>{{cite book\|last=Wilson\|first=A. Jeyaratnam\|title=Sri Lankan Tamil Nationalism: Its Origins and Development in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries\|year=2000\|publisher=[[C. Hurst & Co.]]\|isbn=1-85065-519-7\|page=127\|authorlink=A. Jeyaratnam Wilson\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5AQcVvbHzdcC}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|last=Wilson\|first=A. Jeyaratnam\|title=The Break-up of Sri Lanka: The Sinhalese-Tamil Conflict\|year=1988\|publisher=[[C. Hurst & Co.]]\|isbn=1-85065-033-0\|page=217\|authorlink=A. Jeyaratnam Wilson\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5kfK34Y7mYkC}}</ref>

	==LTTE==		==LTTE==
	Maheswaran joined the militant [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam]] (LTTE) in 1977.~~<ref name=TN>{{cite web\|title=Early Tamil Militancy\|url=http://www.tamilnation.co/tamileelam/armedstruggle/earlymilitancy.htm\|publisher=Tamil Nation}}</ref>~~ The LTTE gave him the [[nom de guerre]] Mukundan.~~<ref name=TN/>~~ He was chairman of the LTTE's central committee from 1977 to 1980.~~<ref name=Wilson/>~~ He received military training in [[Lebanon]] and [[Syria]].<ref>{{cite web\|title=Jain Commission Interim Report: Growth of Sri Lankan Tamil Militancy in Tamil Nadu Background - Sections 5 to 13\|url=http://tamilnation.co/intframe/india/jaincommission/growth_of_tamil_militancy/bgsec2.html\|work=Tamil Nation}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|last1=Perera\|first1=K. K. S.\|title=25 years on: Aborted coup in the Maldives - Liberators turn Mercenaries in Male\|url=http://www.nation.lk/edition/news-features/item/22409-25-years-on-aborted-coup-in-the-maldives-liberators-turn-mercenaries-in-male.html\|work=[[The Nation (Sri Lanka)\|The Nation]]\|date=3 November 2013}}</ref> Maheswaran and LTTE leader [[V. Prabhakaran]] were blamed for the shooting of MP [[M. Canagaratnam]] on 24 January 1978.<ref name=Rajasingham/><ref>{{cite book\|last=Rajasingham\|first=K. T.\|title=Sri Lanka: The Untold Story\|url=http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DB16Df06.html\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020622185747/http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DB16Df06.html\|url-status=unfit\|archive-date=2002-06-22\|chapter=Chapter 27: Horsewhip Amirthalingham}}</ref> In 1982 A Sri Lankan court sentenced Maheswaran, in absentia, to 15 years rigorous imprisonment for the attempted murder.<ref>{{cite journal\|title=Uma Maheswaran Sentenced to 15 Years\|journal=[[Tamil Times]]\|date=June 1982\|volume=I\|issue=9\|page=3\|url=http://noolaham.net/project/32/3106/3106.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|last1=Sambandan\|first1=V. S.\|title=LTTE chief faces arrest?\|url=http://www.thehindujobs.com/thehindu/2002/11/14/stories/2002111402111200.htm\|work=[[The Hindu]]\|date=14 November 2002}}</ref>		Maheswaran joined the militant [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam]] (LTTE) in 1977. The LTTE gave him the [[nom de guerre]] Mukundan. He was chairman of the LTTE's central committee from 1977 to 1980. He received military training in [[Lebanon]] and [[Syria]]. Maheswaran and LTTE leader [[V. Prabhakaran]] were blamed for the shooting of MP [[M. Canagaratnam]] on 24 January 1978. In 1982 A Sri Lankan court sentenced Maheswaran, in absentia, to 15 years rigorous imprisonment for the attempted murder.

	Maheswaran fell out with Prabhakaran and left the organisation in 1980.<ref name=TSI260212>{{cite news\|last=Asokan\|first=N.\|title=The Failed Coup\|url=http://www.thesundayindian.com/en/story/the-failed-coup/24/30112/\|newspaper=The Sunday Indian\|date=26 February 2012}}</ref>		Maheswaran fell out with Prabhakaran and left the organisation in 1980.

	==PLOTE==		==PLOTE==
	After leaving the LTTE, Maheswaran founded his own militant group, the [[People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam]] (PLOTE).<ref>{{cite journal\|last1=Jeyaraj\|first1=D. B. S.\|authorlink1=\|title=How strong are the "boys"?\|journal=[[Frontline (magazine)\|Frontline]]\|date=5 April 1985\|volume=2\|url=http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl2701/stories/19850405080.htm}}</ref>		After leaving the LTTE, Maheswaran founded his own militant group, the [[People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam]] (PLOTE)

	On the night of 19 May 1982, Maheswaran and fellow PLOTE members Jotheeswaran and Sivaneswaran (Nirnajan) were involved in a [[shootout]] with Prabhakaran and Raghavan (Sivakumar) of the LTTE at the Pondy bazaar in Thiyagarayanagar, [[Madras]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite journal\|title="Tigers" Shoot It Out in Streets of S. India\|journal=[[Tamil Times]]\|date=May 1982\|volume=I\|issue=8\|page=1\|url=http://noolaham.net/project/32/3105/3105.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|last1=Senadhira\|first1=Sugeeswara\|title=Nine lives of Tiger Supremo\|url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/100516/Plus/plus_23.html\|work=[[The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka)\|The Sunday Times]]\|date=16 May 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|last1=Rajasingham\|first1=K. T.\|title=LTTE use of donor funds for arms will not be tolerated — Chandrahasan\|url=http://origin.island.lk/2002/12/24/news01.html\|work=[[The Island (Sri Lanka)\|The Island]]\|date=24 December 2002}}</ref> Jotheeswaran was injured and hospitalised but Maheswaran and Sivaneswaran escaped.<ref>{{cite news\|last1=Subramani\|first1=A.\|title=Case against Prabhakaran closed 3 years after his death\|url=http://www.ceylontoday.lk/51-17873-news-detail-case-against-prabhakaran-closed-3-years-after-his-death.html\|work=[[Ceylon Today]]\|date=25 November 2012}}</ref> Maheswaran was arrested near [[Gummidipoondi]] railway station on 25 May 1982 after a shoot out with the police but was later released on [[bail]].<ref>{{cite news\|title=1982 shooting: case against LTTE leader Prabhakaran dropped\|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/1982-shooting-case-against-ltte-leader-prabhakaran-dropped/article4127582.ece\|work=[[The Hindu]]\|date=24 November 2012}}</ref> Maheswaran and the PLOTE would continue to carry out bank robberies and kidnappings to finance their activities.<ref name=Wilson/>		On the night of 19 May 1982, Maheswaran and fellow PLOTE members Jotheeswaran and Sivaneswaran (Nirnajan) were involved in a [[shootout]] with Prabhakaran and Raghavan (Sivakumar) of the LTTE at the Pondy bazaar in Thiyagarayanagar, [[Madras]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite journal\|title="Tigers" Shoot It Out in Streets of S. India\|journal=[[Tamil Times]]\|date=May 1982\|volume=I\|issue=8\|page=1\|url=http://noolaham.net/project/32/3105/3105.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|last1=Senadhira\|first1=Sugeeswara\|title=Nine lives of Tiger Supremo\|url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/100516/Plus/plus_23.html\|work=[[The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka)\|The Sunday Times]]\|date=16 May 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|last1=Rajasingham\|first1=K. T.\|title=LTTE use of donor funds for arms will not be tolerated — Chandrahasan\|url=http://origin.island.lk/2002/12/24/news01.html\|work=[[The Island (Sri Lanka)\|The Island]]\|date=24 December 2002}}</ref> Jotheeswaran was injured and hospitalised but Maheswaran and Sivaneswaran escaped.<ref>{{cite news\|last1=Subramani\|first1=A.\|title=Case against Prabhakaran closed 3 years after his death\|url=http://www.ceylontoday.lk/51-17873-news-detail-case-against-prabhakaran-closed-3-years-after-his-death.html\|work=[[Ceylon Today]]\|date=25 November 2012}}</ref> Maheswaran was arrested near [[Gummidipoondi]] railway station on 25 May 1982 after a shoot out with the police but was later released on [[bail]].<ref>{{cite news\|title=1982 shooting: case against LTTE leader Prabhakaran dropped\|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/1982-shooting-case-against-ltte-leader-prabhakaran-dropped/article4127582.ece\|work=[[The Hindu]]\|date=24 November 2012}}</ref> Maheswaran and the PLOTE would continue to carry out bank robberies and kidnappings to finance their activities.<ref name=Wilson/>
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	Maheswaran's actions eventually led to divisions within the PLOTE, resulting in a number of defections and splinter groups to be formed, including the [[Eelam National Democratic Liberation Front]] (ENDLF). Maheswaran was known to deal with [[dissent]] very harshly, and is alleged to have carried out 38 murders.<ref name=Wilson/>		Maheswaran's actions eventually led to divisions within the PLOTE, resulting in a number of defections and splinter groups to be formed, including the [[Eelam National Democratic Liberation Front]] (ENDLF). Maheswaran was known to deal with [[dissent]] very harshly, and is alleged to have carried out 38 murders.<ref name=Wilson/>

	Maheswaran was involved in the failed [[1988 Maldives Coup]].<ref name=TSI260212/> On 16 July 1989, Maheswaran was abducted by six men in [[Colombo]].~~<ref>{{cite journal\|title=Uma Maheswaran Murdered\|journal=[[Tamil Times]]\| date=July 1989 \|volume=VIII\|issue=8\|page=4\|url=http://noolaham.net/project/34/3324/3324.pdf\|issn=0266-4488}}</ref>~~ His bullet ridden body was later found at Frankfurt Place, [[Bambalapitiya]], near the Maldivian High Commission.<ref>{{cite news\|last=Ferdinando\|first=Shamindra\|title=Premadasa's plan goes awry as JVP opens up new front\|url=http://www.island.lk/index.php?page_cat=article-details&page=article-details&code_title=71837\|newspaper=[[The Island (Sri Lanka)\|The Island]]\|date=3 February 2013}}</ref> The ENDLF, an Indian-backed offshoot of PLOTE, claimed responsibility for the [[List of assassinations of the Sri Lankan Civil War\|assassination]],<ref>{{cite book\|last=Rajasingham\|first=K. T.\|title=Sri Lanka: The Untold Story\|url=http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DD20Df03.html\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020427122344/http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DD20Df03.html\|url-status=unfit\|archive-date=2002-04-27\|chapter=Chapter 36: Indians rule the roost}}</ref> however some sources blamed the assassination on dissenting members of the PLOTE itself.<ref>{{cite news\|last=Jeyaraj\|first=D. B. S.\|title=From gun to pen - II\|url=http://www.thesundayleader.lk/archive/20050515/focus.htm\|newspaper=[[The Sunday Leader]]\|date=15 May 2005\|authorlink=}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|last=Rajasingham\|first=K. T.\|title=Sri Lanka: The Untold Story\|url=http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DE11Df02.html\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020515215711/http://atimes.com/ind-pak/DE11Df02.html\|url-status=unfit\|archive-date=2002-05-15\|chapter=Chapter 39: Amirthalingham eliminated}}</ref>		Maheswaran was involved in the failed [[1988 Maldives Coup]].<ref name=TSI260212/> On 16 July 1989, Maheswaran was abducted by six men in [[Colombo]]. His bullet ridden body was later found at Frankfurt Place, [[Bambalapitiya]], near the Maldivian High Commission. The ENDLF, an Indian-backed offshoot of PLOTE, claimed responsibility for the [[List of assassinations of the Sri Lankan Civil War\|assassination]], however some sources blamed the assassination on dissenting members of the PLOTE itself.

	==References==		==References==

16:32, 28 திசம்பர் 2023 இல் imported>Lingam

2023-12-28T16:32:17Z

← பழைய திருத்தம்		16:32, 28 திசம்பர் 2023 இல் நிலவும் திருத்தம்
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imported>Lingam: "{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}} {{Infobox person | honorific_prefix = | name = Uma Maheswaran | honorific_suffix = | native_name = உமாமகேசுவரன் | native_name_lang = ta | image = Uma Maheswaran.jpg | image_size = | alt =..."-இப்பெயரில் புதிய பக்கம் உருவாக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது

2023-12-28T16:31:21Z

"{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}} {{Infobox person | honorific_prefix = | name = Uma Maheswaran | honorific_suffix = | native_name = உமாமகேசுவரன் | native_name_lang = ta | image = Uma Maheswaran.jpg | image_size = | alt =..."-இப்பெயரில் புதிய பக்கம் உருவாக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது

புதிய பக்கம்

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Uma Maheswaran
| honorific_suffix =
| native_name = உமாமகேசுவரன்
| native_name_lang = ta
| image = Uma Maheswaran.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = K. Nallainathan
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1945|02|18|df=yes}}
| birth_place =
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1989|07|16|1945|02|18|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Colombo]], [[Sri Lanka]]
| nationality = [[Sri Lanka]]n
| other_names = Mukundan
| citizenship =
| education =
| alma_mater =
| occupation = Surveyor
| years_active = 1977–1989
| organization = [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam]] {{small|(1977–1980)}}<br>[[People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam]] {{small|(1980–1989)}}
| known_for =
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}}
'''Kadirgamapillai (Kathirkamar) Nallainathan''' ({{lang-ta|க. உமாமகேசுவரன்}}; 18 February 1945 – 16 July 1989; commonly known by the [[nom de guerre]] '''Uma Maheswaran''') was a [[Sri Lankan Tamil]] rebel and the founder and leader of the [[People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam]] (PLOTE), a [[Sri Lankan Tamil militant groups|separatist Tamil militant organisation]] in [[Sri Lanka]].

==Early life==
Maheswaran was born on 18 February 1945 and was from [[Varuthalaivilan]] near [[Tellippalai]] in northern [[Sri Lanka]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Schalk|first=Peter|title=The Revival of Martyr Cults among Ilavar|url=http://tamilnation.co/ideology/schalk03.htm|publisher=Tamil Nation}}</ref><ref name=Rajasingham>{{cite book|last=Rajasingham|first=K. T.|title=Sri Lanka: The Untold Story|url=http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DB02Df03.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020416074026/http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DB02Df03.html|url-status=unfit|archive-date=2002-04-16|chapter=Chapter 25: War or peace?}}</ref> He worked for the government as a surveyor.<ref name=Rajasingham/><ref name=Wilson>{{cite book|last=Wilson|first=A. Jeyaratnam|title=Sri Lankan Tamil Nationalism: Its Origins and Development in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries|year=2000|publisher=[[C. Hurst & Co.]]|isbn=1-85065-519-7|page=127|authorlink=A. Jeyaratnam Wilson|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5AQcVvbHzdcC}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Wilson|first=A. Jeyaratnam|title=The Break-up of Sri Lanka: The Sinhalese-Tamil Conflict|year=1988|publisher=[[C. Hurst & Co.]]|isbn=1-85065-033-0|page=217|authorlink=A. Jeyaratnam Wilson|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5kfK34Y7mYkC}}</ref>

==LTTE==
Maheswaran joined the militant [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam]] (LTTE) in 1977.<ref name=TN>{{cite web|title=Early Tamil Militancy|url=http://www.tamilnation.co/tamileelam/armedstruggle/earlymilitancy.htm|publisher=Tamil Nation}}</ref> The LTTE gave him the [[nom de guerre]] Mukundan.<ref name=TN/> He was chairman of the LTTE's central committee from 1977 to 1980.<ref name=Wilson/> He received military training in [[Lebanon]] and [[Syria]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Jain Commission Interim Report: Growth of Sri Lankan Tamil Militancy in Tamil Nadu Background - Sections 5 to 13|url=http://tamilnation.co/intframe/india/jaincommission/growth_of_tamil_militancy/bgsec2.html|work=Tamil Nation}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Perera|first1=K. K. S.|title=25 years on: Aborted coup in the Maldives - Liberators turn Mercenaries in Male|url=http://www.nation.lk/edition/news-features/item/22409-25-years-on-aborted-coup-in-the-maldives-liberators-turn-mercenaries-in-male.html|work=[[The Nation (Sri Lanka)|The Nation]]|date=3 November 2013}}</ref> Maheswaran and LTTE leader [[V. Prabhakaran]] were blamed for the shooting of MP [[M. Canagaratnam]] on 24 January 1978.<ref name=Rajasingham/><ref>{{cite book|last=Rajasingham|first=K. T.|title=Sri Lanka: The Untold Story|url=http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DB16Df06.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020622185747/http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DB16Df06.html|url-status=unfit|archive-date=2002-06-22|chapter=Chapter 27: Horsewhip Amirthalingham}}</ref> In 1982 A Sri Lankan court sentenced Maheswaran, in absentia, to 15 years rigorous imprisonment for the attempted murder.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Uma Maheswaran Sentenced to 15 Years|journal=[[Tamil Times]]|date=June 1982|volume=I|issue=9|page=3|url=http://noolaham.net/project/32/3106/3106.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Sambandan|first1=V. S.|title=LTTE chief faces arrest?|url=http://www.thehindujobs.com/thehindu/2002/11/14/stories/2002111402111200.htm|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=14 November 2002}}</ref>

Maheswaran fell out with Prabhakaran and left the organisation in 1980.<ref name=TSI260212>{{cite news|last=Asokan|first=N.|title=The Failed Coup|url=http://www.thesundayindian.com/en/story/the-failed-coup/24/30112/|newspaper=The Sunday Indian|date=26 February 2012}}</ref>

==PLOTE==
After leaving the LTTE, Maheswaran founded his own militant group, the [[People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam]] (PLOTE).<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Jeyaraj|first1=D. B. S.|authorlink1=|title=How strong are the "boys"?|journal=[[Frontline (magazine)|Frontline]]|date=5 April 1985|volume=2|url=http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl2701/stories/19850405080.htm}}</ref>

On the night of 19 May 1982, Maheswaran and fellow PLOTE members Jotheeswaran and Sivaneswaran (Nirnajan) were involved in a [[shootout]] with Prabhakaran and Raghavan (Sivakumar) of the LTTE at the Pondy bazaar in Thiyagarayanagar, [[Madras]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite journal|title="Tigers" Shoot It Out in Streets of S. India|journal=[[Tamil Times]]|date=May 1982|volume=I|issue=8|page=1|url=http://noolaham.net/project/32/3105/3105.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Senadhira|first1=Sugeeswara|title=Nine lives of Tiger Supremo|url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/100516/Plus/plus_23.html|work=[[The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka)|The Sunday Times]]|date=16 May 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Rajasingham|first1=K. T.|title=LTTE use of donor funds for arms will not be tolerated — Chandrahasan|url=http://origin.island.lk/2002/12/24/news01.html|work=[[The Island (Sri Lanka)|The Island]]|date=24 December 2002}}</ref> Jotheeswaran was injured and hospitalised but Maheswaran and Sivaneswaran escaped.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Subramani|first1=A.|title=Case against Prabhakaran closed 3 years after his death|url=http://www.ceylontoday.lk/51-17873-news-detail-case-against-prabhakaran-closed-3-years-after-his-death.html|work=[[Ceylon Today]]|date=25 November 2012}}</ref> Maheswaran was arrested near [[Gummidipoondi]] railway station on 25 May 1982 after a shoot out with the police but was later released on [[bail]].<ref>{{cite news|title=1982 shooting: case against LTTE leader Prabhakaran dropped|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/1982-shooting-case-against-ltte-leader-prabhakaran-dropped/article4127582.ece|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=24 November 2012}}</ref> Maheswaran and the PLOTE would continue to carry out bank robberies and kidnappings to finance their activities.<ref name=Wilson/>

Maheswaran's actions eventually led to divisions within the PLOTE, resulting in a number of defections and splinter groups to be formed, including the [[Eelam National Democratic Liberation Front]] (ENDLF). Maheswaran was known to deal with [[dissent]] very harshly, and is alleged to have carried out 38 murders.<ref name=Wilson/>

Maheswaran was involved in the failed [[1988 Maldives Coup]].<ref name=TSI260212/> On 16 July 1989, Maheswaran was abducted by six men in [[Colombo]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=Uma Maheswaran Murdered|journal=[[Tamil Times]]| date=July 1989 |volume=VIII|issue=8|page=4|url=http://noolaham.net/project/34/3324/3324.pdf|issn=0266-4488}}</ref> His bullet ridden body was later found at Frankfurt Place, [[Bambalapitiya]], near the Maldivian High Commission.<ref>{{cite news|last=Ferdinando|first=Shamindra|title=Premadasa's plan goes awry as JVP opens up new front|url=http://www.island.lk/index.php?page_cat=article-details&page=article-details&code_title=71837|newspaper=[[The Island (Sri Lanka)|The Island]]|date=3 February 2013}}</ref> The ENDLF, an Indian-backed offshoot of PLOTE, claimed responsibility for the [[List of assassinations of the Sri Lankan Civil War|assassination]],<ref>{{cite book|last=Rajasingham|first=K. T.|title=Sri Lanka: The Untold Story|url=http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DD20Df03.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020427122344/http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DD20Df03.html|url-status=unfit|archive-date=2002-04-27|chapter=Chapter 36: Indians rule the roost}}</ref> however some sources blamed the assassination on dissenting members of the PLOTE itself.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jeyaraj|first=D. B. S.|title=From gun to pen - II|url=http://www.thesundayleader.lk/archive/20050515/focus.htm|newspaper=[[The Sunday Leader]]|date=15 May 2005|authorlink=}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Rajasingham|first=K. T.|title=Sri Lanka: The Untold Story|url=http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DE11Df02.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020515215711/http://atimes.com/ind-pak/DE11Df02.html|url-status=unfit|archive-date=2002-05-15|chapter=Chapter 39: Amirthalingham eliminated}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam}}
{{Sri Lankan Civil War}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Uma Maheswaran}}
[[Category:1945 births]]
[[Category:1989 deaths]]
[[Category:Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam members]]
[[Category:People from Northern Province, Sri Lanka]]
[[Category:People from British Ceylon]]
[[Category:People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam militants]]
[[Category:People killed during the Sri Lankan Civil War]]
[[Category:Sri Lankan Tamil rebels]]
[[Category:Sri Lankan Tamil people]]
[[Category:Sri Lankan surveyors]]
[[Category:Indian Peace Keeping Force]]